Reference List

 

     1.    Rec# 167. Immunoflurescence Method for Giardia and Cryptosporidium spp. (Proposed). Pathogenic Protozoa. 1993.
Note: Immunofluorescence was used to try and kill Cryptosporidium.  This was compared to other methods that have been tried to kill Cryptosporidium. 
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Treatment.

     2.    Rec# 177. Addiss DG, Arrowood MJ Bartlett ME Colley DG Juranek DD Kaplan JE. Assessing the Public Health Threat Associated with Waterborne Cryptosporidiosis: Report of a Workshop. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report: Recommindations and Reports. 1995.
Note: Copies can be purchased from Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402-9325  Phone: (202) 783-3238.
Diseases, Pathogens, Water Quality.

     3.    Rec# 61. Agricultural Research Service. http://www.ars.usda.gov.  2000.
Note: Low-cost Way to Pave Feedlots.
Management, Leaching ..

     4.    Rec# 164. Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture. http://www.nal.usda.gov/wqic/wqdb/esearch.html. Database of Online Documents Covering Water and Agriculture. 2001.
Note: Contacts: Temisha D. Kinard /USDA-ARS-NAL-WQIC/ wqic@nal.usda.gov
J. R. Makuch /USDA-ARS-NAL-WQIC/ jmakuch@nal.usda.gov
.
Water Quality, Manure.

     5.    Rec# 77. Allen MJ, Clancy JL Rice EW. The plain, hard truth about pathogen monitoring. Journal AWWA. 2000.
Pathogens.

     6.    Rec# 118. Alocilja EC. An Optimization Model for Zero-Excess Phosphorus Management. Agricultural Systems. 1998.
Note: The objective of this paper is to describe a whole-farm nutrient balance model of a dairy-crop operation and how it is used in identifying zero-excess phosphous management practices, such as cropping systems, nutrient P applications, and animal rations, that allow for total manure use at lowest feed costss on minimum cropland while satisfying energy and nutritional requirements of the dairy animals. 
Phosphorus, Food Consumption, Animal Waste.

     7.    Rec# 1. Alocilja, EC. Zero-excess manure management in  dairy through optimum rations. Transactions of the ASAE. 1998.
Note: This article explores different diets of dairy cows that could be used in order to eliminate the excess phosphorus that diary cows are excreting in order to eliminate over applying phosphorus when applying manure.
Nutrient Management, Phosphorus, Animal Waste, Manure.

     8.    Rec# 47. American Society of Agricultural Engineers. http://www.asae/org.  2001.
Note: This site has research papers and standards on livestock management.  The livestock Environmental Permitting Program has access to this site (access is limited).
Management, Animal Waste.

     9.    Rec# 180. American Water Works Association. Cryptosporidium and the ICR: A Communications Tool Kit. Cryptosporidium and Water: A Public Health Handbook. 1998.
Note: American Water Works Association, 6666 W. Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235 Phone: (303) 794-7711.
Pathogens, Water Quality, Water Treatment.

   10.    Rec# 189. ---. http://www.awwa.org.  2001.
Note: AWWA 6666 West Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235 TEL: 303.794.7711 1401 New York Ave. NW, Suite 640, Washington, DC 20005 TEL: 202.628.8303 .
Water Quality, Pathogens.

   11.    Rec# 2. Andraski TW. Crop Management and Corn Nitrogen Rate Effects on Nitrate Leaching. Journal of Environmental Quality. 2000.
Note: This experiment is testing the amount of nitrogen that leaches or moves in other ways throught the soil in a corn field.
Nitrogen, Leaching .

   12.    Rec# 95. Araji AA, Abdo ZO Joyce P. Efficient use of animal manure on cropland - economic analysis. Bioresource Technology. 2001.
Note: This experiment tried to find the amount of manure that would be needed to fertilize plants, and also had the least amount of cost involved.
Manure, Managament, Best Management Practices.

   13.    Rec# 172. Barriga OO. Protozoan Zoonotic Diseases. Public Health and Zoonotic Diseases. 1994.
Note: Department of Veterinary Preventitive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210.
Pathogens, Diseases.

   14.    Rec# 179. Bartley BC, Becker CA Adams JQ. Inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in Drinking Water: Calgon Carbon Corporation's Sentinel Ultraviolet Reactor. EPA's Environmental Technology Verification Report. 1999.
Note: Contact: Jeffery Q. Adams, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268.
Facility, Water Treatment, Water Quality.

   15.    Rec# 101. Baumgarten E, Nagel M Tischner R. Reduction of the nitrogen and carbon content in swine waste with algae and bacteria. Appl Microbiol Biotechmol. 1999.
Note: This experiment used the concept that algae can take up a lot of nitrogen and phosphorous to test weather they could grow algae indoors and use it combined with bacteria to reduce the amount of nitrogen and phosphorous in pig manure.   
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Nutrient Management.

   16.    Rec# 139. Becker H. http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/jul01/swine0701.htm. Agricultural Research Magazine. 2001.
Note: Coping with Swine Manure.
Manure, Management, Facility.

   17.    Rec# 3. Beegle DB, Lanyon LE. Nutrient Management Legislation in Pennsylvania. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 1994.
Note: This commentary summarizes Pennsylvania's Nutrient Management Act, passed in 1993.  It includes all of the regulations contained in teh Nutrient Management Act.
Laws, Regulations.

   18.    Rec# 132. Berka C, Schreier H Hall K. Linking Water Quality with Agricultural Intesification in a Rural Watershed. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution. 2001.
Note: The goal of the article is to show how GIS can be used in combination with a nutrient mass balance calculation to predict water quality conditions in a watershed context. 
Manure, Nitrogen, Water Quality.

   19.    Rec# 106. Bertolini E, Mazzali S Meglioli E Ruggeri L. Integrated Biological Intervention Aginst Flies in Two Italian Sanitary Landfills. in Christensen TH, Cossu R, Stegmann R(Eds), Leachate, Gas, Operation and Health Effects in Landfills Volume 3. 1999.
Note: An experiment to attempt fly control around Landfills using environmentaly friendly techniques.
Insects, Management .

   20.    Rec# 129. Brannan KM, Mostaghimi S McClellan PW Inamdar S. Animal Waste BMP Impacts on Sediment and Nutrient Losses in Runoff From the Owl Run Watershed. Transactions of the ASAE. 2000.
Note: The objective of the study was to evaluate long-term effectiveness of animal waste BMPs in reducing sediment and nutrient losses in surface runoff. 
Water Quality, Best Management Practices, Nutrient Management.

   21.    Rec# 159. Brenner FJ, Mondok JJ. Nonpoint Source Pollution Potential in an Agricultural Watershed in Northwestern Pennsylvania. Water Resources Bulletin. 1995.
Note: To address the impacts of agriculture on water quality within the Shenango River Watershed, the current study identified potential sources of nonpoint pollution within 11 subwatersheds in the drainage basin, ranked these subwatersheds as to their potential for NPS pollution, and to determine the correlation and impact of these factors on water quality in receiving streams. 
Nonpoint Source Pollution, Water Quality, Effluent.

   22.    Rec# 50. Brune DE, Doolittle J. Locating Lagoon Seepage with Radar and Electromagnetic Survey. Environ Geol Water Sci. 1990.
Lagoons, Animal Waste.

   23.    Rec# 168. Bukhari Z, Hargy TM Bolton JR Dussert B Clancy JL. Medium-pressure UV for Oocyst Inactivation. Journal AWWA, Regulatory Update. 1999.
Note: In vivo studies indicate the infectivity of treated Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts more reliably than do in vitry assays.
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Treatment.

   24.    Rec# 171. Camp, Dresser & McKee. Sources of Giardia and Cryptosporidium to the Environment.
Pathogens, Water Quality.

   25.    Rec# 188. CDC: Division of Parasitic Diseases. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dpd/parasites/cryptosporidiosis/default.htm. Cryptosporidiosis. 2001.
Note: A webpage with many fact sheets and articles about Crypto and waterborn diseases. 
Diseases, Pathogens.

   26.    Rec# 71. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/disease/crypto/croptos.htm. Cryptosporidiosis: Fact Sheet. 2000.
Note: General overview about cryptosporidiosis, includes what it is, what the symptoms are, how it is spread, and how to prevent it.
Water Quality, Pathogens.

   27.    Rec# 185. ---. http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/diseases/crypto/hivaids.htm. Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide for Persons With HIV/AIDS. 2001.
Note: For more information on cryptosporidiosis, call the CDC AIDS Hotline at 1-800-342-AIDS.
Diseases, Pathogens, Water Quality.

   28.    Rec# 90. Centner TJ. Animal feeding operations: encouraging sustainable nutrient usage rather than restraining and proscribion activities. Land Use Policy. 2000.
Note: The United States Government has formed regulations for CAFF's, however, they have negelected to regulate phosphorous and nitrogen levels.  This article critices the laws and suggests ways to improve them. 
Law, Regulations.

   29.    Rec# 144. Chapman SL. Soil and Solid Poultry Waste Nutrient Management and Water Quality. Poultry Science. 1996.
Note: Without proper management poultry waste can adversely impact the use of water for such activities as drinking, processing, fishing, and swimming. 
Water Quality, Litter, Management.

   30.    Rec# 4. Choudhary M, Bailey LD Grand CA. Review of the use of swine manure in crop production: Effects on yield and composition and on soil and water quality. Waste Management and Research. 1996.
Note: This experiment tests the content of pig manure under different conditions, such as manure with chemicals added, and manure without chemicals.
Manure, Soil Nutrients.

   31.    Rec# 183. Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Cryptosporidium: Colorado Guidance Document.  1995 Jun 1.
Pathogens, Water Use.

   32.    Rec# 34. Colorado State University Extension. http:www.ext.colostate.edu/pubs/crops/pubcrop.heml#soil.  2001.
Note: A list of fact sheets and papers from Colorado State University on soil and fertilizer.  containing--papers: Best Management practices for Nitrogen Fertilization, best Management practices for Phosphorous Fertilization, and fact sheets; Cattle manure application rater, among many others.
Best Management Practices, Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Manure Application.

   33.    Rec# 111. Cook MG, Hunt PG Stone KC Canterberry JH. Reducing Diffuse Pollution Through Implementation of Agricultural Best Management Practices: A Case Study. Water Science and Technology. 1996.
Note: This paper persents some of the results of BMP implementation and surface/ground water monitoring after five years of project activities.
Water Quality, Leaching, Best Management Practices.

   34.    Rec# 103. Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. http://www.cast-science.org/9901afo.htm. Comment on the EPA/USDA Unified National Strategy for Animal Feeding Operations. 1999.
Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Nutrient Management.

   35.    Rec# 66. Covington E, Kloot R Atkins J. Tool for Animal Feeding Operations Siting. ArcUser. 2000.
Water Quality, Pathogens, Manure.

   36.    Rec# 130. Crane SR, Moore JA Grismer ME Miner JR. Bacterial Pollution from Agricultural Sources: A Review. Transactions of the ASAE. 1983.
Manure, Pathogens, Management.

   37.    Rec# 5. Dahlberg SD, Lindley JA Giles JF. Effect of anaerobic digestion on nutrient availability from dairy manure. Transactions of the ASAE. 1988.
Note: This is part experiment and part literature review.  The literature review discusses what happends to the manure after it is excreted and if the manure is actually useful to produce energy.  The experiment tests how well crops grow on four different types of nitrogen sources, such as manure or urea.
Manure, Nutrient Managment.

   38.    Rec# 6. Dao TH. Coamendments to modify phosphorus extractability and nitrogen phosphorus ratio in feedlot manure and composted manure. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1999.
Note: The ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus in manure can be changed by adding many different materials.  This experiment tests the materials and discusses the benefits of each.
Phosphorus, Nutrient Management.

   39.    Rec# 96. David MB, Gentry LE Kovacic DA Smith KM. Nitrogen Balance in and Export from and Agricultural Watershed. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1997.
Note: This experiment tested the amount of nitrogen in the soil of a crop field as well as in the drainage from the field.  The quantity of nitrogen and its effects on the near by rivers was then studied.
Water Quality, Leeching, Effluent.

   40.    Rec# 97. Dean DM, Foran ME. The effect of farm liquid waste application on tile drainage. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 1992.
Note: To conduct this experiment farmers were asked to apply fertilizer as normal and then the surrounding bodies of water were monitored for water quality. 
Water Quality, Leeching.

   41.    Rec# 151. Dorego NC, Leduc R. Characterization of Hydraulic Flow Patterns in Facultative Aerated Lagoons. Water Science and Technology. 1996.
Note: This study was conducted to ascertain the mean actual residence times in the basins comprising a full-scale operational treatment system and to compare these with the computed theoretical values.  Moreover, since very few tracer studies on the hydraulic properties of aerated lagoons have been published, it was also the objective to characterize the flow/mixing patterns in the lagoons and to compare the results with that corresponding to complete mixing conditions most commonly assumed to occur in aerated lagoons.  Finally, the study also aimed to assess the applicability of predictive models for the dispersion number, such as those of Polprasert and Bhattarai (1985) and Archeivala (1981), to facultative aerated lagoons. 
Lagoons, Hydrologic Connection.

   42.    Rec# 176. DuPont HL, Chappell CL Sterling CR Okhuysen PC Rose JB Jakubowski W. The Infectivity of Cryptosporidium Parvum in Healthy Volunteers. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1995.
Note: The present study was carried out to determine the infective dose of C. parvum in healthy subjects without serologic evidence of prior infection.
Diseases, Pathogens.

   43.    Rec# 125. Edwards DR, Daniel TC Scott HD Murdoch JF Habiger MJ Burks HM. Stream quality Impacts of Best Management Practices in a Northwestern Arkansas Basin. Water Resources Bulletin. 1996.
Note: The object of this study was to assess the impact of BMP implementation in a Northwest Arkansas basin on stream base flow quality. 
Best Management Practices, Water Quality.

   44.    Rec# 114. Eghball B, Binford GD Baltensperger DD. Phosphorus Movement and Adsorption in a Soil Receiving Long-Term Manure and Fertilizer Application. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1996.
Note: The objective of this study was to determine the extent of P movement in a coarse-textured soil recieving long-term manure or N and P fertilizers. 
Phosphorous, Nitrogen, Leaching.

   45.    Rec# 115. Eghball B, Sander DH Skopp J. Diffusion, Adsorption, and Predicted Longevity of Banded Phosphorus Fertilizer in Three Soils. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 1990.
Note: The objectives of this experiment were to determine the diffusion coefficient, the extent of P movement, and the longevity of banded P fertilizer in different soils. 
Phosphorus, Leaching.

   46.    Rec# 134. Eigenberg RA, Korthals RL Neinaber JA. Geophysical Electromagnetic Svey Methods Applied to Agricultural Waste Sites. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1998.
Note: Electromagnetic techniques are well suited for mapping soil salinity to depths useful for the agriculturalist. 
Manure, Effluent, Facility.

   47.    Rec# 105. Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/oigearth/hogexsm.htm. EPA Office of Inspector General, Animal Waste Disposal Issues # 7100142: Exicutive Summary. 1997.
Manure, Water Quality .

   48.    Rec# 165. ---. http://www.epa.gov/safewater/mdbp/st2fr29.html. Stage 2 Microbial and Disinfection Byproducts Federal Advisory Committee Agreement in Principle . 2000.
Note: The regulations for municiple water facilities on how to deal with Crypto among other microbes.  
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Treatment.

   49.    Rec# 54. Evans MR, Owens JD. Factors Affecting the Concentrarion of Faecal Bacteria in Land-drainage Water. Journal of General Microbiology. 1972.
Pathogens, Water Quality, Manure Application.

   50.    Rec# 109. Farag MdeH, Mohamed FA. Effect of radiation processing as an integral part of the safe recycling animal waste. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 1999.
Note: The obhective of theis study was to measure changes in the chemical composition and nutritive value of manure and to check the allowed growth performance of broiler chickens fed such processed animal waste. 
Manure, Management, Facility.

   51.    Rec# 123. Farlas R, Hogsette JA Borzsonyi L. Development of Hydrotaea aenescens and Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) in Poultry and Pig Manures of Different Moisture Content. Environmental Entomology. 1998.
Note: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the development of H. aenescens and M. domestica larvae in pig and poultry manures, and to determine whether developmental differences dependent upon manure type or manure moisture content exist between the 2 fly species. 
Insects, Manure.

   52.    Rec# 7. Favero P, Abdalla C. Creating workable implementation rules to meet the complexities of manure management: Pennsylvania's Nutrient Management Law. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 1979.
Note: This is not the actual law, it is commentary about how the law was made, how it works, and what it includes.
Regulations, Laws.

   53.    Rec# 52. Fleming RJ, Dean DM Foran ME. Effect of Manure Spreading on Tile Drainage Water Quality. Livestock Waste. 1990.
Manure Application, Water Quality.

   54.    Rec# 173. Frey MM, Hancock C Logsdon GS. Cryptosporidium: Answers to Questions Commonly Asked by Drinking Water Professionals. Sponsored by: AWWA Research Foundation, 6666 West Quincy Avenue Denver, CO 80235-3098. 1997.
Note: The pages are from the sections:  Chapter 2 Public Health and Awareness, and  Chapter 3 Occurrence in Source Waters.
Water Quality, Water Treatment.

   55.    Rec# 8. Fulhage CD. Symposium: Manure management considerations for expanding dairy herds. Journal of Dairy Science. 1997.
Note: This symposium is on different manure treatments and how the treatments affect and change the manure nutrient content.
Manure, Management.

   56.    Rec# 119. Gagliardi JV, Karns JS. Leaching of Escherichia coli O157:h7 in diverse Soils under Various Agricultural Management Practices. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 2000.
Note: In the study, we evaluated two types of soil cores to study the extent to which efflux resulting from fresh manure traveled through intact and disturbed soil cores. 
Pathogens, Leaching.

   57.    Rec# 148. Gagnon B, Simard RR. Nitrogen and phosphorus release from on-farm and industrial composts. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 1999.
Note: The objectuve of the present study was to determine the effects of material sources and manure management on the N and P release potential of several on-farm and industrial composts. 
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Composting.

   58.    Rec# 128. Gangbazo G, Pesant AR Cote D Barnett GM Cluis D. Spring runoff and Drainage N and P Losses from Hog-Manured Corn. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 1997.
Note: The objectives of the project were to compare the pollution potential of two hog manure management systems with that of mineral fertilizers; and to assess the importance of spring N and P losses versus annual loads. 
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Nutrient Management.

   59.    Rec# 149. Georgacakis D, Tsavdaris A Bakouli J Symeonidis S. Composting Solid Swine Manure and Lignite Mixtures with Selected Plant Residues. Bioresources Technology. 1996.
Note: The aim of this study was to study the composting-process characteristics of the soild fraction, resulting from mechanically separated liquid swine manure mixed with ground lignite as an odor-control agent and locally available ginned cotton residues and rice seeds peels as bulking and C/N ratio amendments, respectively. 
Composting, Manure, Nitrogen.

   60.    Rec# 53. Gerba CP, Wallis C Melnick JL. Fate of Wastewater Bacteria and Viruses in Soil. Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division. 1975.
Note: Article deals with material prior to 1975.
Pathogens, Leaching.

   61.    Rec# 9. Gilley JE, Risse LM. Runoff and soil loss as affected by the application of manure. Transactions of the ASAE. 2000.
Note: A compilation of many studies looking at the affects of manure application on soil in terms of structure and runoff.
Water Use,  Manure, Best Management Practices, Leaching.

   62.    Rec# 10. Ginting D, Moncrief JF gupa SC Evans SD. Interaction between manure tillage system on phosphorus uptake and runoff losses. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1998.
Note: In this experiment manure was applied once to the soil and the phosphorus in that manure was monitored as it moved throught the soil and plants, to find where the majority of the phosphorous ends up.
Water Quality, Soil Nutrients, Phosphorus.

   63.    Rec# 92. Godwin DC, Miner JR. The Potential of Off-Stream Livestock Watering to Reduce Water Quality Impacts. Bioresource Technology. 1996.
Note: Water was supplied to cattle in another region of the field than the stream so see if the amount of manure going into the stream could be reduced by persuading the cows to spend less time there.
Manure, Water Quality, Management.

   64.    Rec# 140. Gollehon N, Caswell M Ripaudo M Kellogg R Lander C Letson D. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/aib771/. ERS Agricultural Information Bulletin #771. 2001.
Note: Confined Animal Production and Manure Nutrients.
Manure, Management, Standards.

   65.    Rec# 186. Gordon R. Finch and Miodrag Belosevic . http://www.awwarf.com/exsums/90734.htm. Effect of Various Disinfection Methods on the Inactivation of Cryptosporidium [Project #906] . 1998.
Note: AWWARF.
Pathogens, Diseases, Water Quality.

   66.    Rec# 187. Gordon R. Finch, Daniel W. Smith and Miodrag Belosevic. http://www.awwarf.com/exsums/348.htm. Sequential Disinfection Design Criteria for Inactivation of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Drinking Water [Project #348]. 2000.
Note: AWWARF.
Diseases, Pathogens, Water Quality.

   67.    Rec# 182. Gordon R. Finch, E. Kathleen Black Lyndon G˙urk and Miodrag Belosevic. http://www.awwarf.com/exsums/90661.htmOzone Disinfection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Ozone Disinfection of Giardia and Cryptosporidium. 1994.
Pathogens, Water Quality, Water Treatment.

   68.    Rec# 141. Govindasamy R, Cochran MJ Buchberger E. Economic Implications of Phosphorus Loading Policies for Pasture Land Applications of Poultry Litter. Water Resources Bulletin. 2001.
Note: The purpose of theis paper is to measure the economic opportunity costs of a proposed phosphours management policy that targets soils with elevated phosphorus levels and examine the impact of Pigouvian taxes on optimal li8tter applications in the Muddy Fork watershed of the Illinois River in northwest Arkansas.
Litter, Phosphorus,  Management.

   69.    Rec# 169. Graczyk TK, Fayer R Trout JM Lewis EJ Farley A Sulaiman I Lal AA. Giardia sp. Cysts and Infectious Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts in the Feces of Migratory Canada Geese (Branta canadensis). Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1998.
Note: The droppings of migratory Canada Geese were analysed fpr Crypto and Giardia in nine sites in Maryland.  The Crypto was then injected into mice to see if it was living or not. 
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Treatment.

   70.    Rec# 117. Gregorich EG, Rochette P McGuire S Liang BC Lessard R. Soluble Organic Carbon and Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in Maize Fields Receiving Spring-Applied Manure. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1998.
Note: Our objective in this field study was to evaluate the relationships between CO2 evolution, temperature, water content, and SOC in a soil under maize and amended with manure. 
Carbon, Manure, Emission.

   71.    Rec# 79. Gupta RK, Rudra RP Dickinson WT Wall GJ. Surface Water Quality Impacts of Tillage Practices Under Liquid Swine Manure Application. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 1997.
Note: This experiment measured the runnoff content of different tillage systems. 
Water Quality, Effluent.

   72.    Rec# 11. Haguen VJ, Lindley JA. Biogas production after solid-liquid seperation of dairy manure. Transactions of the ASAE. 1988.
Note: This is an experiment to find the combination of liquid and solid manure that will produce the most energy in the form of biogas.  The energy can then be used to power the farm that produced the manure.
Facility, Manure, Management.

   73.    Rec# 156. Hall DW, Risser DW. Effects of Agricultural nutrient Management on Nitrogen Fate and Transport in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. Water Resources Bulletin. 1993.
Note: Reduced amounts of nitrogen applied to cropped fields as part of nutrient management, and associated reductions in loads of nitrogen discharged in ground water, and the respective imput and output of interest in this paper. 
Ground Water, Nonpoint Source Pollution, Nitrogen.

   74.    Rec# 154. Ham JM, DeSutter TM. Seepage Losses and Nitrogen Export from Swine-Waste Lagoons: A Water Balance Study. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1999.
Note: this report is a case study of seepage losses from three commercial swine lagoons in southewestern Kansas.  The objectives of the research were to develop instrumentation for measuring whole-lagoon seepage using the water balance method, to measure seepage from commercial swine-waste lagoons having soil liners that differ in thickness and composition, to compare measured values of whole-lagoon permeability to that predicted from laboratory measurements of the liner material, and to quantify waste chemistry and the ammonimu-N esport rate from each lagoon. 
Lagoons, Effluent.

   75.    Rec# 127. Henry GM, DeLorenzo MA Beede dK. Determining Optimal Nutrient Managment Strategies for Dairy Farms. Journal of Dairy Science. 1995.
Note: The objective of this study was to develop a model that considered both the manure nutrients and crop nutrients balanced to meet mandated nutrient recycling requirements while minimizing feed costs for a set mild production. 
Nutrient Managment, Manure, Nitrogen, Phosphorus.

   76.    Rec# 178. Herver AJ, Ni JQ Lim TT Diehl CA Sutton AL Duggirala RK Haymore BL Kelly DT Adamchuk VI. Effect of a Manure Additive on Ammonia Emission From Swine Finishing Buildings. Transactions of the ASAE. 2000.
Note: The objective of this article was to evaluate the effect of Alliance on NH3 emission from the four mechanically ventilated buildings. 
Air Pollution, Emission, Facility.

   77.    Rec# 60. Hetchler BP, Clanton CJ. Field and Laboratory Monitoring of Earthen Lined Manure Storage Basins. An ASAE Meeting Presentation. 1996.
Manure, Holding Ponds, Leaching.

   78.    Rec# 84. Hogsette JA. Development of House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in Sand Containing Varying Amounts of Manure Solids and Moisture.   Journal of Economic Entomology. 1996.
Note: The rate of development was observed in different combinations of moisture, sand, and manure, to find the best combination of limit fly development. 
Manure, Insects, Management.

   79.    Rec# 135. Hong RA, Matsuda J Ikeuchi Y. High Rapid Composting of Dairy Cattle Manure with Crop and Forest Residues. Transactions of the ASAE. 1983.
Note: The objective of this study was to measure the physical and chemical analyses required to define the nature and properties of agricultural wastes from farmstead sources for pollution control, wastes recycling, and engineering design. 
Manure, Composting.

   80.    Rec# 73. Iowa State University. Earthen Waste Storage Structures in Iowa: A study for the Iowa Legislature.  1999.
Management, Effluent, Lagoon.

   81.    Rec# 35. Iowa State University . http://www.extension.iastate.edu/cgi-bin/htsearch.  2001.
Note: The Iowa State University Extension website search.  this site contains laws, newsletters, and fact sheets.  A recommended search is "manure management and application"  .
Laws, Manure, Management, Manure Application .

   82.    Rec# 12. Jackson LL, Keeney DR Gilbert EM. Swine manure management plans in morth-central Iowa; Nutrient loading and policy implications. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 2000.
Note: This articls discussed how large scale swine farms can contribute to water quality problems.  Since nitrogen is one of the elements which causes water quality problems, the article also describes how to calculate the nitrogen content of manure.
Manure, Management, Nitrogen.

   83.    Rec# 138. Janzen RA, McGill WB Leonard JJ Jeffery SR. Manure as a Resource: Ecological and Economic Considerations in Balance. Transactions of the ASAE. 1999.
Note: This article has two main components.  First, we derive a simple steady-state model to equate ecological and economic considerations in sustainable distribution of manure.  We concentrate on fundamental principles.  consequently, we describe " what could be", not necessarily "what is".  Second, using Alberta as a case study, we compare a current pattern of manure supply with manure redistribution predicted by the simple model to be ecologically and economically sustainable. 
Manure, Management.

   84.    Rec# 131. Jordan TE, Correll DL Weller DE. Nonpoint Source Discharges of Nutreints from Piedmont Watersheds of Chesapeak Bay. Journal of the American Water Resources Association. 1997.
Note: The objective of this study is to test the effects of agricultural land use on discharges of water, sediments, and nutrients from Piedmont watersheds of the Chesapeake Bay.
Nutrient Management, Non-Point Source,  Water Quality.

   85.    Rec# 174. Juranek, DD. Statement of Dr. Dennis D. Juranek; Chief, Epidemiology Activity; Parasitic Diseases Branch; Division of Parasitic Diseases; National Center for Infectious Diseases; Centers for Disease Control and prevention; Before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment, House of Representatives. Department of Healthe and Human Services. 1993 Apr 19.
Note: History and information about Cryptosporidium, with a focus on the outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Pathogens, Diseases, Water Quality.

   86.    Rec# 190. Kansas State University Extension. http://www.oznet.ksu.edu/. Research and Extension. 2001.
Note: The Kansas State University Extension Home Page.  It is searchable for crypto and has many results. 
Pathogens, Diseases.

   87.    Rec# 56. Kirkaldie L. Potential Contaminant Movement Through Soil Joints. Bulletin of the Association of Engineering Geologists. 1988.
Leaching, Water Quality.

   88.    Rec# 146. Kithome M, Paul JW Bomke AA. Reducing Nitrogen Losses during Simulated Composting of Poultry Manure using Adsorbents or Chemical Amendments. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1999.
Note: The objectives of this study were to quantify the dynamics of N losses through NH3 volatilization during composting of poultry manure under aerobic conditions using a laboratory composting simulator, and to evaluate the effectiveness of different amendments in reducing N losses. 
Composting, Nitrogen, Manure.

   89.    Rec# 67. Klucas G. Manure as a Resource. Conservation Voices. 2000.
Manure, Management.

   90.    Rec# 63. ---. Taking the Lead in Nutrient Management. Conservation Voices. 2000.
Nutrient Management, Law, Regulations.

   91.    Rec# 152. Kohm RA, Dou Z Ferguson JD Boston RC. A Sensitivity Analysis of Nitrogen Losses from Dairy Farms. Journal of Environmental Management. 1997.
Note: It is the intemtion of this paper to develop a simple deterministic model of nitrogen management on the dairy production enterprise.  The objectives for development of this model were to determine the extent to which nutrient losses from animal production systems may be reduced by altering management practices, and to determine the relative importance of different management strategies related to the herd, crops or manure in reducing nutrient losses from the farm. 
Nitrogen, Water Quality, Effluent.

   92.    Rec# 160. Kudva IT, Blanch K Hovde CJ. Analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Survival in Ovine or Bovine Manure and Manure Slurry. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1998.
Note: In this investigation we analyzed the survival of E. coli O157:H7 in sheep manure and cattle manure exposed to fluctuating environmental conditions and in experimentally inoculated manure, untreated slurry, and treated slurry incubated under different laboratory conditions.  In addition, the role of Shiga toxin type 1 and 2 genes in E. coli O157:H7 survival in bovine manure or manure slurry was assessed. 
Pathogens, Manure.

   93.    Rec# 68. Kundell JE. Animal Feeding Operations: The Role of Counties. Conference of Southern County Associations, National Association of Counties. 1999.
Water Quality, Pathogens, Animal Feeding Operation.

   94.    Rec# 13. Lanyon LE. Dairy manure and plant nutrient management issues affecting water quality and the dairy industry. Journal of Dairy Science. 1994.
Note: This article discusses the reasons that the movement of nutrients is a problem and the influence that crops have in the uptake of the nutrients which are applied to them.
Nutrient Management, Manure, Leaching.

   95.    Rec# 147. Larney FJ, Olson AF Carcamo AA Chang C. Physical changes during active and passive composting of beef feedlot manure in winter and summer. Bioresource Technology. 2000.
Note: This study examines the effect of two composting methods (active and passive aeration) on physical changes of beef feedlot manure during winter and summer in southern Alberta. 
Composting, Manure.

   96.    Rec# 86. Lasdrus WF, Rutz DA Miller RW Brown DA. Costs of Existing and Recommended Manure Management-Practices for House-fly and Stable Fly ( Diptera, Muscidae) Control on Dairy Farms.   Journal of Economic Entomology. 1989.
Note: This is an account of the cost of different techniques of pest (fly) controls.
Manure, Insects, Management.

   97.    Rec# 170. LeChevallier MW, Norton WD Lee RG. Occurrence of Giardia and Cryptosporidium spp. in Surface Water Supplies. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 1991.
Note: The purpose of this project was to examine 66 surface water filter plants for the occurrence and distribution of Giardia and Cryptosporidium organisms in the raw water supplies.  The occurrence of these organisms was related to a variety of source water characteristics.  Finally, the levels of cysts and oocysts in raw water supplies were evaluated within the context of the Surface Water Treatment Rule. 
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Use.

   98.    Rec# 93. Ma BL, Dwyer LM Gregorich EG. Soil Nitrogen Amendment Effects on Nitrogen Uptake and Grain Yield of Maize. Agronomy Journal. 1999.
Note: This experiment evaluated the amount of nitrogen maize absorbed when different types of fertilizers were applied, such as composted manure vs inorganic fertilizer. 
Manure, Nitrogen.

   99.    Rec# 175. MacKenzie WR, Hoxie NJ Proctor ME Gradus MS Blair KA Peterson DE Kazmierczak JJ Addiss DG Fox KR Rose JB Davis JP. A Massive Outbreak in Milwaukee of Cryptosporidium Infection Transmitted Through the Public Water Supply. The New England Journal of Medicine. 1994.
Note: History of the outbreak in Milwaukee and why it actually happened. 
Diseases, Water Quality.

100.    Rec# 150. Mahimairaja S, Bolan NS Hedley MJ Macgregor AN. Losses and Transformation of Nitrogen During Composting of Poultry Manure with Different Amendments: an Incubation Experiment. Bioresource Technology. 1994.
Note: The objectives of this work were to measure the loss of N from poultry manure through NH3 volatilization during composting under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and to examine the potential of different amendments to conserve N in poultry manure during composting. 
Composting, Nitrogen, Phosphorus.

101.    Rec# 14. Mathers AC, Stewart BA. Manure effects on crop yields and soil properties. Transactions of the ASAE. 1984.
Note: Manure was spread on fields for 11 of the 14 years this experiment was conducted.  Each year the influence of the manure on the crops grown and the soil in the field were analyzed.
Nutrient Management, Manure, Land Application of Manure.

102.    Rec# 59. McCurdy M, McSweeney K. The Origin and Identification of Macropores in an Earthen-Lined Dairy Manure Storage Basin. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1993.
Holding Ponds, Lagoons, Liners, Leaching.

103.    Rec# 51. McLellan JE, Flemming RJ Bradshaw SH. Reducing Manure Output to Streams from Subsurface Drainage Systems. An ASAE/CSAE Meeting Presentation. 1993.
Manure Application, Manure, Management, Pathogens, Leaching.

104.    Rec# 112. Meals DW. Watershed-Scale Response to Agricultural Diffuse Pollution Controal Programs in Vermont USA. Water Science and Technology. 1996.
Note: This paper summarizes some of the major findings of two projects in watersheds emptying into Lake Champlain in Vermont, and best managment practices to clean up those watersheds. 
Water Quality, Best Management Practices.

105.    Rec# 65. Midwest Energy Research Center. Turning manure Into gold: Converting Agricultural Waste to Energy.
Note: Midwest Energy Research Center, 337 South Main Street, 4th Floor Suite 5, PO Box 1793, Findlay, OH 45839-1793
Voice: 419-425-8860   Fax:419-425-8862 .
Manure, Facility, Processors.

106.    Rec# 48. Midwest Plan Service. http://www.bae.umn.edu/extens/mwps/manure.html3mwps18.  2001.
Note: This site offers engineering bulletins for manure management.
Manure, Management.

107.    Rec# 37. Midwest Rural Energy Council. http://www.mrec.org/links.html.  2001.
Note: This is the Midwest Rural Energy Council home page.  It contains many links to Energy Councils around the country and Canada.
Manure, Facility, Management.

108.    Rec# 15. Miner JR. Alternatives to minimize the environmental impact of large swine production units. Journal of Animal Science. 1999.
Note: This article discusses the problem of large scale pig farms and manure disposal and odor release in combination with water pollution.  The article then discusses solutions to the problem of water pollution by pig farms.
Water Quality, Odor, Non-point Source.

109.    Rec# 81. ---. Nuisance Concerns and Odor Control. Journal of Dairy Science. 1997.
Note: An overview of odor and manure management practices and solutions.
Odor, Manure.

110.    Rec# 46. Missouri Manure Management Action Group. http://outreach.missouri.edu/mommag.  2001.
Note: The Missouri manure Management Action Group is a state-level committe representing government and academic interests in Missouri.  This site has a lot of information about various topics of manure management.
Manure, Management.

111.    Rec# 83. Mitchell JK, McIsaac GF Walker SE Hirschi MC. Nitrate in River and Subsurface Drainage Flows from an East Central Illinois Watershed. Transactions of the ASAE. 2000.
Note: In this study N movement was monitored in fields as well as the movement of the Nitrogen through the watershed.
Water Quality, Leaching, Nitrogen.

112.    Rec# 76. Moffitt DC. http://wmc.ar.nrcs.usda.govteen.dir/compost-road.htm. Composted Manure Used Along Roadways Controls Erosion. 2000.
Manure, Composting.

113.    Rec# 49. Moffitt DC, Rickman J McElroy C Hendriks D Logan H. Do Waste Treatment Lagoons Leak? An ASAE Meeting Presentation. 1993.
Animal Waste, Management, Lagoons.

114.    Rec# 16. Moore JA, Hart JM. Symposium: Manure management system design strategies: How and Why. Journal of Dairy Science. 1997.
Note: This symposium contains ideas about the problems created with to much manure application and ways that manure can be applied to fields in a way which will not harm the environment.
Manure, Land application of Manure, Storage Treatment Facility for Manure.

115.    Rec# 120. Moore PA, Daniel TC Sharpley AN Wood CW. Poultry manure management: Environmentally sound options. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. 1995.
Phosphorous, Leaching, Litter Types.

116.    Rec# 17. Moore PA Jr, Miller DM. Decreasing phosphorus solubility in poultry litter with aluminum, calcium, and iron amendments. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1994.
Note: The elements aluminum, calcium and iron were added to poultry litter to determine if they decreased the amount of phosphorus available in the manure.
Phosphours, Litter, Nutrient Management.

117.    Rec# 18. Motavalli PP, Kelling KA Converse JC. First-year nutrient availability from injected dairy manure. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1989.
Note: No method of measuring nitrogen is compleately accurate.  this experiment tries to refine the technique for measuring the amount of nitrogen available to corn and compares the new technique with results from other experiments.
Nitrogen, Nutrient Management.

118.    Rec# 133. Mozaffari M, Sims JT. Phosphorus Availability and sorption in an Atlantic Coastal Plain Watershed Dominated By Animal-Based Agriculture. Soil Science. 1994.
Note: The objectives of this study were 1: to quantify soil test P levels in the surface and subsoil horizons of cultivated soils and field border areas in the major soil series of the Inland Bays wateshed; 2: to evaluate the effect of long-term manuring and fertilizing on absorption capacity of surface and subsoils from four of the major soil series of the watershed; 3: to determine if the P sorption index of Bache and Williams (1971) could serve as a rapid means to estimate P sorption maxima for soils in the watershed. 
Phosphorus, Management, Water Quality.

119.    Rec# 21. Mueller DH, Wendt RC Daniel TC. Phosphorus losses as affected by tillage and manure application. Soil Science Society of America Journal . 1984.
Note: An experiment testing the amout of phosphorus lost with the use of different tillage systems.
Phosphorus, Nutrient Management.

120.    Rec# 99. NC State University, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. Proceedings: 1999 Animal Waste Management Symposium.  1999.
Management, Water Quality, Odor, Nutrient Management.

121.    Rec# 104. North Carolina Agricultural Research Service and North Carolina Cooperative Extension Service (College of Agriculture and Life Sciences North Carolina State University). http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/whpaper.REactivities.html. Research and Extension Activities in Animal Waste Management. 1995.
Manure, Management, Odor.

122.    Rec# 33. North Carolina State University. http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/waste mst/apwmc/index.html.  2001.
Note: The North Carolina State University waste management programs website.  It has many links to different projects that the University is working on having to do with waste management. 
Manure, Management, Manure Application.

123.    Rec# 36. North Dakota State University Extension. http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/ansci/dairy/as1023w.htm.  2001.
Note: The North Dakota State University Extension.  This site is a paper on manure and water quality. 
Manure, Water Quality.

124.    Rec# 38. Northern Light Technology Inc. http://www.northernlight.com/.  2001.
Note: This search engine finds 573 items for the search "animal manure research agricola" some of which are other websites in this list, others are general information sites, and some are technical sites. 
Manure, Management.

125.    Rec# 44. ODNR-Division of Soil and Water Conservation. http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/odnr/soil+water/dswcrules.htm.  2001.
Note: This site contains the Pollution Abatement Rules (OAC 1501); specifically note 1501:15-5-05(Land application of animal waste).
Manure, Management, Land Application of Manure.

126.    Rec# 30. Ohio State University Extension. http://ohioline.osu.edu.  2001.
Note: The Ohio State University Extension.  Answers questions pertaining to large dairy enterprises in Ohio.  Contains the Ohio livestock manure and wastewater management guide.
Manure, Management, Nutrient Management .

127.    Rec# 122. Park SW, Mostaghimi S Cooke RA McClellan PW. BMP Impacts on Watershed Runoff Sediment, and Nutrient Yields. Water Resources Bulletin. 1994.
Note: In this paper, we have developed a procedure for identifying BMP effectiveness on a watershed scale.  Theis procedure was used to evaluate the effects of BMPs on the hydrology, sediment, and nutrient yields of the Nomini Creek watershed, a 1464 ha watershed located in Westmoreland County, Virginia. 
Best Management Practices, Water Quality, Nutrient Management.

128.    Rec# 58. Parker DB, Nienaber JA Eisenhauer DE Schulte DD. Unsaturated Seepage from a Feedlot Runoff Storage Pond. An ASAE Meeting Presentation. 1995.
Leaching, Lagoon.

129.    Rec# 155. Parker DB, Schulte DD Eisenhauer DE. Seepage from Earthen Animal Waste Ponds and Lagoons- An Overview of Research Results and State Regulations. Transactions of the ASAE. 1999.
Note: The objectives of this review were to summarize previous research performed in the area of seepage from animal waste lagoons and storage ponds, to discuss questions left unanswered, to evaluate and compare current state regulations governing the design and consturction of animal waste lagoons and storage ponds, and to preseant some future research and educational needs in this subject area. 
Lagoon, Manure, Water Quality.

130.    Rec# 19. Parsons RL, Pease JW Bosch DJ. Simulating nitrogen losses from agricultural land-implications for water quality and protection policy. Water Resources Bulletin. 1995.
Note: A computer simulation of nitrogen leaching through soils in Virginia to a water source because of manure application.
Nitrogen, Water Quality.

131.    Rec# 116. Peacock AD, Mullen MD Ringelberg DB Tyler DD Hendrick DB Gale PM White DC. Soil microbial community responses to dairy manure or ammonium nitrate applications. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 2001.
Note: Applications of manure have resulted in differences in soil chemical properties over the 6 years of the study. 
Manure, Microbiology, Nitrogen.

132.    Rec# 22. Pell AN. Manure and Microbes: Public and Animal health problem? Journal of Dairy Science. 1997.
Note: An overview of different microbes found in dairy manure and how to prevent them from infecting humans.
Pathogens, Microbiology, Water Quality.

133.    Rec# 39. Pennsylvania State University Extension. http://www.outreach.psu.edu/search oce.heml.  2001.
Note: This is the Pennsylvania State University extension page.  It contains a search, recommended search is "manure management".  The site contains Pennsylvania laws and handbooks. 
Laws, Manure, Management.

134.    Rec# 153. Pescod MB. The Role and Limitations of Anaerobic Pond Systems. Water Science and Technology. 1996.
Note: A commentary about the pluses and minuses of anaerobic pond systems. 
Lagoons, Waste Treatment Pond, Odor.

135.    Rec# 20. Peters JM, Basta NT. Reduction of excessive bioavailable phosphorus in soils using municipal and industrial wastes. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1996.
Note: This experiment analyzed the effectiveness of treating manure with Bauxite RM and cement kiln dust in order to fix phosphorus.
Phosphorus, Nutrient Management.

136.    Rec# 124. Powers WJ. Odor Control for Livestock Systems. Journal of Dairy Science. 1999.
Note: Some of the more popular methods for controlling odors associated with livestock production are biofiltration, solids separation, anaerobic digestion, aeration, composting, dietary manipulation, landcsaping, and the use of covers.  Each of these will be addressed by summarizing the available research that evaluates the effectiveness of a technology when associated with specific management practices. 
Odor, Facility, Management.

137.    Rec# 91. Purdue University. http://www.anr.ces.purdue.edu/anr/anr/swine/manure/manure.htm.  2001.
Note: The Purdue University Manure Management page, it contains a manure management menu and links to many pages with publications and information. 
Manure, Management.

138.    Rec# 75. Quade DJ, Bettis EA Hoyer BE Libra RD. http://www.rgsb.uiowa.edu. Siting of Animal Confinement Operations and Manure Application Areas: A GIS Analysis of Geology and Soils . 2000.
Note: University of Iowa.
Water Quality, Concentrated Animal Feeding Facility.

139.    Rec# 126. Reddy KR, Overcash MR Khaleel R Westerman PW. Phosphorus Adsorption-Desorption Characteristics of Two soils Utilized for Disposal of Animal Wastes. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1980.
Note: The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of various animal waste loading rates on : 1 the phosphorus adsorption-desorption characteristics of the soils treated with fresh beef, poultry, and swine wastes (studied under laboratory condidions), and swine lagoon effluent ( studied under field conditions); and 2 the characteristics of P movement in the soils treated with long-term application of swine lagoon effluent. 
Phosphorus, Effluent, Manure.

140.    Rec# 166. Rose JB. Occurrence and Significance of Cryptosporidium in Water. Journal AWWA, Research and Technology. 1988.
Note: Water Samples were tested, ranging from sewage to water without any waste discharge.  The samples were tested for amoutnts and quantity of Cryptosporidium.
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Treatment.

141.    Rec# 62. Rose JB, Daeschner S Easterling DR Curriero FC Patz JA Lele S. Climate and Waterborne Disease Outbreaks. Journal AWWA. 2000.
Water Quality, Pathogens.

142.    Rec# 100. Rulkens WH, Klapwijk A Willers HC. Recovery of valuable nitrogen compounds from agricultural liquid wastes: potential possibilities, bottlenecks and future technological challenges. Environmental Pollution. 1998.
Note: The authors of this article are actually from the Netherlands, and the discussion of the best way to extract nitrogen from pig slury is also based on problems that the Netherlands has. 
Nitrogen, Storage Treatment Facility for Manure.

143.    Rec# 110. Sauer TJ, Daniel TC Moore PA Coffey KP Nichols DJ West CP. Poultry Litter and Grazing Animal Waste Effects on Runoff Water Quality. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1999.
Note: The objective of this study was to compare runoff water quality from tall fescue plots treated with poultry litter and the feces and urine from grazing animals. 
Water Quality, Effluent, Animal Waste.

144.    Rec# 161. Scarnecchia DL, Gaskins CT. Modeling Animal-Unit-Equivalents for Beef Cattle. Agricultural Systems. 1987.
Note: This paper discusses the relationships among units of animal demand, units of forage supply, units of intake and animal-units, as well as analyzes characteristics of a practical AUE model and presents an AUE model for beef cattle, adapted from a model of TDN requirements. 
Animal Unit, Management, Food Consumption.

145.    Rec# 87. Schmidtmann ET, Miller RW Muller R. Effect of Experimental Bedding Treatments on the Density of Immature Musca domestica and Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) in Outdoor Calf Hutches.   Journal of Economic Entomology. 1989.
Note: Different bedding materials were used to raise flies and find out the development rate in those certain materials.
Manure, Insect, Management.

146.    Rec# 23. Sharpley A. Agricultural phosphorus, water quality , and poultry production: Are they compatible? Poultry Science. 1999.
Note: This experiment tested how far water containing dissolved phosphorus from poultry litter moved through and over the soil.  They also measured how much of a difference it made to apply the litter only once instead of repeatedly in the same place. 
Phosphorous, Water Quality, Nutrient Management, Litter.

147.    Rec# 24. Sharpley A, Moyer B. Phosphorous forms in manure and compost and their release during simulated rainfall. Journal of Environmental Quality. 2000.
Note: This study investigates what the different forms of phosphorus are in manure and compost.  It also studies the amount of phosphoros that can wash out of manure and compost during rainfall.
Phorous, Nutrient Management, Water Quality.

148.    Rec# 89. Shipitalo MJ, Gibbs F. Potential of Earthworm Burrows to Transmit Injected Animal Wastes to Tile Drains. Soil Science Society of America Journal. 2000.
Note: Earthworm burrows were studied to see if they let runoff and nutrients travel quickly through the soil to tile drains and contaminate the watersource that the tiles run into. 
Best Management Practice, Tile, effluent.

149.    Rec# 107. Simoni SF, Schafer A Harms H Zehnder A. Factors affecting mass transfer limited biodegradation in saturated porous media. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. 2001.
Note: An experiment to observe the mass transfer process in an attpempt to understand boidegradation rates. 
Water Use, Pathogens, Leaching.

150.    Rec# 74. Simpkins WW, Burkart MR Helmke MF Twedt TN James DE Jaquis RJ Cole KJ. Hydrogeologic Settings of Selected Earthen Waste Storage Structures Associated with Confined Animal Feeding Operations in Iowa . A Report to the Legislature of the State of Iowa. 1999.
Water Quality, Animal Waste, Leaching.

151.    Rec# 80. Stottard CS, Coyne MS Grove JH. Fecal Bacteria Survival and Infiltration through a Shallow Agricultural Soil: Timing and Tillage Effects. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1998.
Note: The goal of this experiment was to evaluate pathogen movement through different till types of soil and monitor how many of the pathogens survived.
Pathogens, Infiltration, Leaching.

152.    Rec# 157. Sund JL, Evenson CJ Strevett KA Nairn RW Athay D Trawinski E. Nutrient Cinversions by Photosynthetic Bacteria in a Cincentrated Animal Feeding Operation Lagoon System. Journal of Environmental Quality. 2001.
Note: This paper reports the results of a diurnal study conducted to determine which nutreint conversions dominated each cell of a two-stage swine waste lagoon system.  An examination of the role of photosynthetic bacteria as the driving force in nutreint conversions in bothe tha anaerobic and facultative lagoon was completed. 
Lagoon, Animal Feeding Operation.

153.    Rec# 25. Sutton A, Nelson DW Kelly DT Hill DL. Comparison of solid vs. liquid dairy manure applications on corn yield and soil composition. Journal of Environmental Quality. 1986.
Note: In this experiment manure was applied to soil for 5 years, and then the chemical content of the soil and manure was analyzed to find the affect of the manure on the soil.
Manure, Manure Application.

154.    Rec# 181. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. Cryptosporidium and Water: A Public Health Handbook.  1997.
Note: American Water Works Association, 6666 W. Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235 Phone: (303) 794-7711.
Water Quality, Pathogens, Water Treatment.

155.    Rec# 102. The National Council for Science and the Environment. http://www.cnie.org/nle/ag-48.html. CRS Issue Brief for Congress - Animal Waste Management and the Environment: Background for Current Issues. 1998.
Note: National Council for Science and the Environment, 1725 K street, NW, suite 212, Washington DC 20006-1401 phone: (202) 530-5810  fax: (202) 628-4311  email: cnie@cnie.org  .
Laws, Regulations, Management.

156.    Rec# 41. The University of Tennessee Extension. http://www.utextension.utk.edu/pubs.htm.  2001.
Note: The University of Tennessee extension site containing laws, regulations, and standards.  Recommended links to take are Animals/Livestock, Environment, and Pastures/Hay.  
Laws, Manure, Nutrient Manatgement.

157.    Rec# 85. Thomas GD, Skoda SR Berkebile DR Campbell JB. Sceduled sanitation to reduce stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations in beef cattle feedlots. Journal of Economic Entomology. 1996.
Note: Feedlots were cleaned each spring and fly populations compared to uncleaned feedlots.
Manure, Insect, Management.

158.    Rec# 55. Thomas GW, Phillips RE. Consequences of Water Movement in Macropores. Journal of Environmnetal Quality. 1979.
Leaching.

159.    Rec# 78. Thomas MA. Ground-Water Quality and Vulnerability to Contamination in Selected Agricultural Areas of Southeastern Michigan, Northwestern Ohio, and Northeastern Indiana. Water-Resources Investigations Report 00-4146. 2000.
Note: District Chief, US Geological Survey, 6480 Doubletree Avenue Columbus, OH 43229-1111 or US Geological Survey, Branch of Information Services, Box 25286, Denver, CO 80225-0286.
Ground Water, Water Quality, Tiles.

160.    Rec# 113. Thorneby L, Persson K Tragardh G. Treatment of Liquid Effluents from Dairy Cattle and Pigs using Reverse Osmosis. Journal of Agricultrual Engineering Research. 1999.
Note: The main objective of this work was